Wellllll … there is no setting for ‘don’t talk to me about politics and religion’  BUT, there are a couple of things you can do.

• Notifications – you used the word ‘notifications.’  I’m not sure if you meant that or not, but Notifications are when Facebook sends you email or text messages to notifiy you of activity – you have complete control over what notifications you receive.  Go to your account (drop down arrow next to your name in the upper right) then Notifications (in the left sidebar) There is one simple checkbox at the top to limit your notifications to Important and just summaries rather than an email for every thing that happens.  if you scroll down, you can edit each and every type of notification to send or not send email
• Posts from friends – if what you’re talking about is simply the stream of posts from friends in the middle of your news feed / home page, here’s what I suggest: most religious/political posts come from particular friends, right?  So, find a post from one of those friends and over over their name – you will see a down arrow appear toward the right of the post.  Click on that down arrow and you have choices to subscribe to ALL post, MOST posts, or IMPORTANT posts from that person.  If you check the IMPORTANT posts then facebook will filter the posts from that person that show up on your newsfeed.  How do they determine what’s important? That’s their secret, but my bet is that it would filter most of the simple political and religious posts.
• Filter your news feed.  If you have created list of friends by categories (close friends, work, high school, RVers etc) then you can ask to filter your news feed to only show you posts from the selected lists.  See this video about Friend Lists

Let us know if that helps.

Good Job!  Yes, you found the down arrow I was referring to.  Hide this Post will hide that one post.  What I was suggesting was that you could eliminate all future objectionable posts byUnwant subscribing to Only Important posts from that person.